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Human vs Blue whale LastZ results

Human (Homo sapiens, GRCh38) and Blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus, mBalMus1.v2) were aligned using the LastZ alignment algorithm (LastZ) in Ensembl release 101. Human was used as the reference species. After running LastZ, the raw LastZ alignment blocks were chained according to their location in both genomes. During the final netting process, the best sub-chain was chosen in each region on the reference species.

Configuration parameters

ParameterValue
Gap open penalty (O)400
Gap extend penalty (E)30
HSP threshold (K)3000
Threshold for gapped extension (L)3000
Threshold for alignments between gapped alignment blocks (H)2200
Seed and Transition value (T)1
Scoring matrix (Q)
Default:
     A    C    G    T
    91 -114  -31 -123
  -114  100 -125  -31
   -31 -125  100 -114
  -123  -31 -114   91

Chunking parameters

ParameterHumanBlue whale
Chunk size30,000,00010,100,000
Overlap0100,000
Group set size10,100,000
Masking options

Statistics over 2,061,539 alignment blocks

Genome coverage (bp) Coding exon coverage (bp)
Human

Uncovered: 1,480,608,425 out of 3,099,750,718
Covered: 1,619,142,293 out of 3,099,750,718

Uncovered: 1,629,363 out of 38,571,754
Matches: 31,970,792 out of 38,571,754
Mismatches: 4,556,031 out of 38,571,754
Insertions: 415,568 out of 38,571,754
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 86.5%

Blue whale

Uncovered: 859,256,416 out of 2,379,995,981
Covered: 1,520,739,565 out of 2,379,995,981

Uncovered: 914,988 out of 31,093,315
Matches: 26,844,674 out of 31,093,315
Mismatches: 3,207,240 out of 31,093,315
Insertions: 126,413 out of 31,093,315
Identity over aligned base-pairs: 89.0%

Block size distribution

Size range All 2,061,539 alignment blocks Blocks grouped in nets
# blocks Total size (incl. gaps) # nets Total size (incl. gaps)
1 bp - 10 bp
67,581
460.3 kb
10 bp - 100 bp
266,948
12.7 Mb
21,969
1.5 Mb
100 bp - 1 kb
1,148,797
520.9 Mb
65,515
23.5 Mb
1 kb - 10 kb
576,694
1.2 Gb
20,459
51.0 Mb
10 kb - 100 kb
1,503
22.3 Mb
1,907
49.1 Mb
100 kb - 1 Mb
16
2.1 Mb
260
64.4 Mb
1 Mb - 10 Mb
61
245.8 Mb
10 Mb - 100 Mb
35
1.2 Gb
100 Mb - 1 Gb
1
105.1 Mb